United States Customs Court. A court that formerly heard cases involving customs and duties. • Abolished in 1980, its responsibilities have been taken over by the United States Court of International Trade. See UNITED STATES COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE.
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United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals 美国关税和专利上诉法院 一种专门联邦法院，于1909年由国会批准成立，有权受理全国范围内对美国关税法院所作判决的上诉及对美国专利局就专利和商标案件所作裁决的上诉。该法院由5名法官组成，通常在华盛顿特区开庭，但必要时也可在外地开庭，其判决受美国最高法院的审查。
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Customs Court 〈美〉关税法院 成立于1890年，原名为「美国评估员总会」〔Board of United States General Appraisers〕，1926年改称此名，受理有关关税的案件。1980年又改名为国际贸易法院〔Court of International Trade〕。
United States Court of Federal Claims 美国索赔法院 该联邦法院始成立于1855年，当时称Court of Claims。1982年《联邦法院改进法》〔Federal Courts Improvement Act〕废除了该法院而代之以新设立的索赔法院〔United States Claims Court〕。原索赔法院〔Court of Claims〕与原美国关税和专利上诉法院〔United States Courts of Customs and Patent Appeals〕合并成为新的美国联邦巡回上诉法院〔United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit〕，原索赔法院〔Court of Claims〕的初审部〔Trial Division〕成为新设立的U.S. Claims Court，1992年该法院又更名为U.S.Court of Federal Claims。它对基于美国宪法、联邦制定法、联邦法规、与美国政府订立的合同而向美国政府提出的索赔请求或任何其他非基于侵权而产生的损害赔偿请求具有初审管辖权。
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United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. An intermediate-level appellate court with jurisdiction to hear appeals in patent cases, various actions against the United States to recover damages, cases from the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, the U.S. Court of International Trade, the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims, the Merit Systems
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Court of Customs and Patent Appeals. Hist. An Article III court created in 1929 to hear appeals in customs and patent cases. • This court was abolished in 1982 and was superseded by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. — Abbr. CCPA. See UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FEDERAL CIRCUIT
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United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 联邦巡回上诉法院 1982年由原美国索赔法院〔U.S. Court of Claims〕和原关税与专利上诉法院〔Court of Customs and Patent Appeals〕合并而设立的中间上诉法院，受理有关专利、植物品种保护、版权、商标、对美国政府的合同和财产权利请求等的上诉案件。对美国索赔法院〔U.S. Court of Federal Claims〕、美国国际贸易法院〔U.S. Court of International Trade〕、美国退伍军人上诉法院〔U.S. Court of Veterans Appeals〕的判决，以及功绩制保护委员会〔Merit Systems Protection Board〕、专利和商标局〔Patent and Trademark Office〕、国际贸易委员会〔International Trade Commission〕和其他一些行政机构的决定均可向该法院提出上诉。
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United States Court of International Trade. A court with jurisdiction over any civil action against the United States arising from federal laws governing import transactions or the eligibility of workers, firms, and communities for adjustment assistance under the Trade Act of 1974 (19 USCA §§ 2101–2495). • Its exclusive jurisdiction also includes actions to recover
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Customs and Patent Appeals Court 〈美〉关税与专利上诉法院 1929年根据美国宪法第三条设立，取代了原来的美国关税上诉法院。1982年《联邦法院改进法》〔Federal Courts Improvement Act〕废除了该法院，其管辖权转归美国联邦巡回上诉法院〔United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit〕。
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United States Court of International Trade 美国国际贸易法院 受理任何根据规定进口贸易的联邦法律，或根据1974年《贸易法》〔Trade Act〕有关工人、商号、社区的调整补贴〔adjustment assistance〕资格的规定等引起的对美国起诉的民事诉讼。该法院还对以下诉讼拥有排他性管辖权：追偿关税、关税保证金、针对欺诈或过失的民事处罚等。以前称作「美国关税法庭」〔U.S. Customs Court〕。
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